Primary Sources On This Website

Primary Sources Elsewhere

  • Allen, S.J. and Emilie Amt. The Crusades: A Reader. 2nd edition. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014. See especially doc. 71 (Nikolaus von Jeroschin on the Prussian Crusades, p.270-275).
  • Barker, Hannah. “Purchasing a Slave in Fourteenth-Century Cairo: Ibn Al-Akfānī’s Book of Observation and Inspection in the Examination of Slaves.” Mamlūk Studies Review 19 (2016): 1–23.
  • Brucker, Gene, ed. The Society of Renaissance Florence: A Documentary Study. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1971. See especially docs. 106 (Slavery Legalized, p.222), 107 (The Search for Slaves, p.223), 108 (Christians Forced Into Slavery, p.223-224).
  • Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History. Edited by Nehemia Levtzion and J.F.P. Hopkins. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. 
  • Ibn Battuta. The Travels of Ibn Battuta, AD 1325-1354: Volumes I-V. Translated by C.F. Beckingham and H.A.R. Gibb. The Hakluyt Society, Second Series. London: Routledge, 2016.
  • Lewis, Bernard, ed. Islam: From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople. 3 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. See especially 1:97-99 (Ibn Khaldun on the Mamluks), 2:22-27 (Mahmud Ka’ti, The Pilgrimage of Mansa Musa), 2:251-256 (Al-Abshihi, On Slaves, Slave-Girls, and Servants).
  • Little, Donald. “Six Fourteenth Century Purchase Deeds for Slaves from al-Ḥaram aš-Šarīf.” Zeitschrift der deutschen Morganländischen Gesellschaft 131 (1981): 297-337.
  • Little, Donald. “Two Fourteenth-Century Court Records from Jerusalem concerning the Disposition of Slaves by Minors.” Arabica 29 (1982): 16-49.
  • Lopez, Robert, and Irving Raymond, eds. Medieval Trade in the Mediterranean World. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. See especially doc. 156 (A Byzantine Complaint Against Venice, p.314-317), 195 (News from Genoa, p.400-403).
  • Medieval Iberia: Readings from Christian, Muslim and Jewish Sources, ed. Olivia Remie Constable. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. See especially doc. 65 (“Slavery in Castile: Siete Partidas,” p.393-398).
  • Morreale, Laura K. “Enslaved Persons in Late 14th-Century Florence.” In The Documentary Archaeology of Late Medieval Europe, edited by Daniel Lord Smail, Gabriel H. Pizzorno, and Laura Morreale, 2020.
  • Patton, Pamela. “What Did Medieval Slavery Look Like? Color, Race, and Unfreedom in Later Medieval Iberia.” Speculum 97, no. 3 (2022): 649-697.
  • Russell, Norman. Gregory Palamas: The Hesychast Controversy and the Debate with Islam: Documents Relating to Gregory Palamas. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2022. (includes two texts describing his experience of captivity)
  • Schiltberger, Johann. The Bondage and Travels of Johann Schiltberger, A Native of Bavaria, in Europe, Asia, and Africa, 1396-1427. Translated by J. Buchan Telfer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Reprint of the 1879 edition.
  • Smail, Daniel Lord. “The Slave Anna.” In The Documentary Archaeology of Late Medieval Europe, edited by Daniel Lord Smail, Gabriel H. Pizzorno, and Laura Morreale. 2020.

Selected Bibliography

  • Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim-European Rivalry in the Region. London: Frank Cass, 1980.
  • Ali, Shanti Sadiq. African Dispersal in the Deccan. New Delhi: Sangam, 1996.
  • Amitai, Reuven, and Christoph Cluse, eds. Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean (c. 1000-1500 CE). Turnhout: Brepols, 2017.
  • Anderson, Arthur J. O. “The Institution of Slave-Bathing.” Gedenkschrift Walter Lehmann 7, no. 2 (1982): 81-92.
  • Balderas, Ximena Chávez. “The Offering of Life: Human and Animal Sacrifice at the West Plaza of the Sacred Precinct, Tenochtitlan,” PhD diss., Tulane University, 2019.
  • Barker, Hannah. That Most Precious Merchandise: The Mediterranean Trade in Black Sea Slaves, 1260-1500. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019.
  • Barton, Simon. Conquerors, Brides, and Concubines: Interfaith Relations and Social Power in Medieval Iberia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.
  • Bartusis, M.C. Land and Privilege in Byzantium: The Institution of the Pronoia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
  • Basu, Helene. “The Siddi and the Cult of Bava Gor in Gujarat.” Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society 28 (1993): 289-300.
  • Biran, Michal. “Encounters Among Enemies: Preliminary Remarks on Captives in Mongol Eurasia.” Archivum Eurasia Medii Aevi 21 (2015): 27-42.
  • Biran, Michal. “Forced Migrations and Slavery in the Mongol Empire (1206-1368).” In The Cambridge World History of Slavery, vol. 2, AD 500 – AD 1420, ed. Craig Perry, David Eltis, Stanley Engerman, and David Richardson, 76-99. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
  • Bouanga, Ayda. “Gold, Slaves, and Trading Routes in Southern Blue Nile (Abbay) Societies, Ethiopia, 13th–16th Centuries.” Northeast African Studies 17.2 (2017): 31–60.
  • Chatterjee, Indrani, and Richard Eaton, eds. Slavery and South Asian History. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 2006.
  • Clendinnen, Inga. “The Cost of Courage in Aztec Society.” Past and Present 107 (1985): 44-89.
  • Epstein, Steven A. Speaking of Slavery: Color, Ethnicity and Human Bondage in Italy. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001.
  • Fauvelle-Aymar, François-Xavier. The Golden Rhinoceros: Histories of the African Middle Ages. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018. See especially chapter 30.
  • Goodman, Jack. “Slavery and Manumission in Fourteenth-Century Palermo.” Ph.D. diss., Western Michigan University, 2017.
  • Haour, Anne. “The Early Medieval Slave Trade of the Central Sahel: Archaeological and Historical Considerations.” In Slavery in Africa: Archaeology and Memory, edited by Paul J. Lane and Kevin C. MacDonald, 61-78. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
  • Herder, Michelle. “Serving in the Cloister: Slaves, Servants, and Discipline in Late Medieval Nunneries,” in Boundaries in the Medieval and Wider World: Essays in Honour of Paul Freedman, edited by Thomas Barton, Susan McDonough, Sara McDougall, and Matthew Wranovix, 137-52. Turnhout: Brepols, 2017.
  • Hong, Sung-gi. Research on Koryo Nobis (고려시대의노비연구). (Sugang University Press, 1980). [In Korean]
  • Junker, Laura L. “The Impact of Captured Women on Cultural Transmission in Contact-Period Philippine Slave-Raiding Chiefdoms.” In Invisible Citizens: Captives and Their Consequences, edited by Catherine M. Cameron, 110-37. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2008.
  • Karras, Ruth M. Slavery and Society in Medieval Scandinavia. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988.
  • Klapisch-Zuber, Christiane. “Women Servants in Florence during the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries,” in Women and Work in Preindustrial Europe, edited by Barbara Hanawalt, 56-80. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1986.
  • Korpela, Jukka Jari. Slaves from the North: Finns and Karelians in the East European Slave Trade, 900–1600. Studies in Global Slavery 5. Leiden: Brill, 2018.
  • Koziol, Kathryn. “Performances of Imposed Status: Captivity at Cahokia.” In The Bioarchaeology of Violence, edited by Debra L. Martin, Ryan P. Harrod, and Ventura R. Pérez, 226-250. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2012.
  • Lhim, Hak-Seong. “The Changes of the Nobi/奴婢 System and the Lives of Nobi in the Joseon Dynasty.” (조선시대 奴婢制의 推移와 노비의 존재 양태) Korea Historical Folklore Institute 41 (2013). [In Korean]
  • Loiseau, Julien. “Frankish Captives in Mamluk Cairo.” Al-Masaq 23, no. 1 (2011): 37-52.
  • Lovejoy, Paul E. Transformations in Slavery: A History of Slavery in Africa. 3rd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. See especially chapters 1 and 2, p. 1-45.
  • Lowe, Kate. “The Lives of African Slaves and People of African Descent in Renaissance Europe,” in Revealing the African Presence in Renaissance Europe, edited by Joaneath Spicer, 13-34. Baltimore: Walters Art Museum, 2012.
  • Lutrell, Anthony. “Slavery at Rhodes: 1306-1440,” in Latin Greece, the Hospitallers and the Crusades, 1291-1400, 81-100. London: Variorum Reprints, 1982.
  • Marmon, Shaun. “Black Slaves in Mamlūk Narratives: Representations of Transgression.” Al-Qanṭara: Revista de Estudios Árabes 28, no. 2 (2007): 435–64.
  • Marmon, Shaun. “Domestic Slavery in the Mamluk Empire: A Preliminary Sketch.” In Slavery in the Islamic Middle East, edited by Shaun Marmon, 1–23. Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener, 1999.
  • Marmon, Shaun. Eunuchs and Sacred Boundaries in Islamic Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
  • Mckee, Sally. “Inherited Status and Slavery in Renaissance Italy and Venetian Crete.” Past and Present, no. 182 (February 2004): 31-54.
  • Meyerson, Mark. “Slavery and the Social Order: Mudejars and Christians in the Kingdom of Valencia.” Medieval Encounters 1, no. 1 (1995): 144-73.
  • Nelson, Thomas. “Slavery in Medieval Japan.” Monumenta Nipponica 59 (2004): 463-492.
  • Pankhurst, Richard. The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century. Lawrence, KS: Red Sea Press, 1997.
  • Petry, Carl F. The Criminal Underworld in a Medieval Islamic Society. Chicago: Middle East Documentation Center, 2012. See especially “Murder by Domestic Slaves,” p. 224-237.
  • Rapoport, Yosef. “Women and Gender in Mamluk Society: An Overview.” Mamluk Studies Review 11 (2007): 1–45.
  • Rodriguez, Jarbel. Captives and their Saviors in the Medieval Crown of Aragon. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2007.
  • Schiel, Juliane. “The Ragusan “Maids-of-all-Work”. Shifting Labor Relations in the Late Medieval Adriatic Sea Region.” Journal of Global Slavery 5.2 (2020): 139–169.
  • Shadow, Robert D., and María J. Rodríguez V. “Historical Panorama of Anthropological Perspectives on Aztec Slavery.” In Arqueología del norte y del occidente de México: Homenaje al Doctor J. Charles Kelley, edited by Barbro Dahlgren de Jordán and María de los Dolores Soto de Arechavaleta, 299-323. Mexico City: Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1995. 
  • Stuard, Susan Mosher. “Ancillary Evidence for the Decline of Medieval Slavery.” Past and Present 149 (1995): 3-28.
  • Winer, Rebecca Lynn. “The Enslaved Wet Nurse as Nanny: The transition from free to slave labor in childcare in Barcelona after the Black Death (1348).” Slavery and Abolition 38:2 (2017): 303-319.
  • Winer, Rebecca. “Jews, Slave-Holding, and Gender in the Crown of Aragon circa 1250-1492.” In Cautivas y esclavas: el tráfico humano en el Mediterráneo, edited by Aurelia Martín Casares and María Cristina Delaigue Séris, 43-60. Granada: University of Granada, 2017.
  • Witzenrath, Christoph. Eurasian Slavery, Ransom and Abolition in World History, 1200-1860. Farnham: Ashgate, 2015.
  • Wright, Diana Gilliland. “Vader, Sta, Ambula: Freeing Slaves in Fourteenth-Century Crete.” Medieval Encounters 7 (2001): 197-237.
  • Wyatt, Don J. The Blacks of Premodern China. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010.

Contributors

Tanvir Ahmed, Hannah Barker, Colten Cook, Matthew Delvaux, Richard Eaton, Kathryn Greenberg, Zachary Kime, Mackenzie King, Paul Lane, Rena Lauer, Noel Lenski, Shaun Marmon, Pamela Patton, Kimberly Peloquin, Craig Perry, Henriette Rødland, Josephine van den Bent, John Verano, Rebecca Winer, Don Wyatt, Angela Zhang